Science
1254 verified facts in this category, showing 601–700.
- In the Afshar experiment, a lens refocuses light so that the image of each pinhole falls on a separate single-photon detector.
- ANNIE uses early prototypes of Large Area Picosecond Photodetectors (LAPPDs) to achieve high precision timing.
- Neutron tagging plays an important role in background rejection from atmospheric neutrinos in the ANNIE experiment.
- ANNIE studies phenomena like proton decay and neutrino oscillations by analyzing neutrino interactions in gadolinium-loaded water and measuring their neutron yield.
- The Alais meteorite contains water.
- The Alais meteorite contains a number of elements in proportions similar to those of the primordial Solar System.
- The Alais meteorite (also spelled Allais) is the first carbonaceous chondrite meteorite identified.
- The transition from non-life to life has never been observed experimentally.
- The Cambridge Digital Library holds a collection of papers relating to the 1874 Transit of Venus Expedition to Hawaii.
- The 1874 transit of Venus expeditions were designed to obtain an accurate estimate of the astronomical unit (AU), the distance from Earth to the Sun, by measuring solar parallax.
- Quantum mechanics concepts and methods have been applied to quantum biology.
- In q-calculus, the original mathematical object is recovered by taking the limit as the parameter q tends to 1 of the q-analog.
- In quantum mechanics, values of physical observables such as energy and momentum are treated as eigenvalues rather than as values of functions on phase space.
- Mathematical formalisms for quantum mechanics are distinguished from pre-1900s physics theories by the use of abstract mathematical structures such as infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces.
- There have been worldwide calls to consider sex as a biological variable (SABV) in experimental design in rodent behavioral neuroscience research.
- In 1999, Andreas Teske and other scientists discovered Thiomargarita namibiensis.
- The H0 Distance Network (H0DN) collaboration determined the Hubble constant to be 73.5 km/s per megaparsec, with a precision of about 1%.
- Charles Byrne had acromegaly.
- ICD-11 includes approximately 5,500 rare diseases and their synonyms.
- In ICD-11, the main code for a rare disease is selected according to the most severe system involvement or the specialist most likely to manage the disease.
- On 3 March 1985, surgeons Lewis Spitz and Edward Kiely, along with a team of 26 clinicians, performed a nine-hour operation at Great Ormond Street Hospital to separate conjoined twins Holly and Carly.
- In the HYVET trial, treating 94 patients for 2 years prevented 1 fatal or nonfatal stroke, and treating 40 patients for 2 years prevented 1 death from any cause.
- CDC calculated that preventing 1,600 new CRE infections over three years in a single state would represent a 76% reduction.
- The growth in materials science publications from 2013 to 2022 corresponds to roughly 9% annual growth.
- Health care services and medications for heart disease cost more than $168 billion in the United States between 2021 and 2022.
- In the United States, one person dies every 34 seconds from cardiovascular disease.
- Across both phase 3 trials of protein subunit RSV vaccines, no deaths due to RSV respiratory illness were identified among either vaccine recipients or placebo recipients.
- D. Mayo argues that the severity or probativeness of a test, rather than simply whether data were used twice, should determine whether double use of data is admissible.
- A lifestyle-modification randomized controlled trial reported a 16% reduction in 3-year diabetes risk for every kilogram of weight loss achieved through lifestyle change.
- Intensive glucose control in critically ill patients increased the risk of severe hypoglycemia more than threefold, with a risk ratio of 3.38 (95% CI, 2.99–3.83; P<0.0001).
- The physician benchmark in this NEJM Image Challenge study comprised 16,401,888 responses, averaging 60,301 physicians per case, with participation ranging from 12,066 to 185,210 physicians per case.
- Intensive glucose control in critically ill patients was associated with a risk ratio for in-hospital mortality of 1.02 (95% CI, 0.96–1.07; P=0.52), showing no mortality benefit.
- The Toumaï fossil was found in fossil-bearing beds where shifting sand dunes had exposed thousands of fossils, including crocodiles and elephants.
- NASA's Perseverance rover captured images of multiple dust devils while exploring the rim of Jezero Crater, the largest of which was approximately 210 feet (65 meters) wide.
- Stefanie Semper conducted the first analysis of the original Iceland Faroe Slope Jet data in 2019, and at her institute the current is still informally called 'Stefanie's Current.'
- The German expression associated with the phrase 'not even wrong' is 'Das ist nicht nur nicht richtig; es ist nicht einmal falsch!'
- Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar-derived displacement measurements of the southern San Andreas Fault slip event agreed well with both creepmeter measurements and field mapping of surface offsets.
- Tilefish from the Atlantic Ocean averaged 0.14 micrograms of mercury per gram and was classified as a 'Good choice.'
- Dean Blumberg, MD, of UC Davis Health, said COVID-19's mortality rate is now approaching that of influenza, whereas earlier in the pandemic it was four to five times higher than influenza's mortality rate.
- The study found that research combining AI and HPC is more likely to introduce novel ideas and achieve top-cited status than research using AI or HPC in isolation, or conventional research using neither.
- An avian influenza H5N1 virus was first isolated from a farmed goose in China in 1996.
- In 1936, Burnet discovered that influenza virus can be grown in embryonated hens' eggs.
- Smith, Andrewes, and Laidlaw isolated the influenza A virus in ferrets in 1933.
- In the 2022 Italian HBSC survey, less than 30% of girls aged 13 and older perceived their own health as excellent.
- Endometriosis affects an estimated 10% of reproductive age women worldwide.
- The Muon g-2 experiment at Fermilab measured the muon's magnetic moment with a precision better than 0.5 parts per million, with results made public in early April 2021.
- No artifacts were found with the skull bones at Tam Pa Ling Cave.
- The Tam Pa Ling skull is small and belonged to a young adult at least 18 years old.
- Laura Shackelford stated that the Tam Pa Ling skull shows no evidence that the individual's ancestors interbred with Homo erectus.
- The total French metropolitan leveling network spans approximately 300,000 km and includes approximately 330,000 markers in good condition.
- The origin of the NGF/IGN69 altitude system for metropolitan France was established from tide-gauge observations made at the Marseille Tide Gauge (Marégraphe de Marseille) between February 1, 1885 and January 1, 1897.
- The altitude of Mont Blanc was measured at 4,805.59 meters by geometer-experts of Haute-Savoie in autumn 2023.
- The first effective chemotherapies were developed in the 1940s.
- The Milky Way contains a supermassive black hole about four million times the mass of the Sun.
- In 2020, JAXA's Hayabusa2 mission returned to Earth with a sample from the C-type asteroid Ryugu.
- More than 8,000 name suggestions for the newly discovered chiton were submitted through social media during a public naming campaign.
- China approved its first domestically designed depression drug for sale in November 2022.
- The JAMA Neurology study found that both sleeping six hours or less and sleeping nine hours or more per night were associated with more depressive symptoms and more napping compared to sleeping seven or eight hours per night.
- The JAMA Neurology study found that both sleeping six hours or less and sleeping nine hours or more per night were associated with higher body mass index compared to sleeping seven or eight hours per night.
- The JAMA Neurology study found that sleeping six hours or less per night was associated with impaired cognition, especially memory.
- In the meta-analysis, every additional 48 grams of whole grains consumed per day was associated with reductions in body weight, waist circumference, total cholesterol, and interleukin-6 (IL-6).
- The meta-analysis found the greatest benefits for most outcomes occurred at approximately 60–100 grams of whole grains per day by dry weight, equivalent to about 4–6 servings.
- The meta-analysis found cardiovascular benefits began at around 3 servings of whole grains per day, equivalent to one bowl of oatmeal and two slices of whole-wheat bread.
- Little Foot is an australopithecine, classified as different from Lucy's species, Australopithecus afarensis.
- Missing birth-control pills can cause headaches or migraines due to lower estrogen levels, especially when pills are missed at the beginning of a new pack or before the period.
- People taking the minipill should not experience headaches or migraines from missed pills related to estrogen withdrawal, since the minipill contains no estrogen.
- If a minipill is taken more than 3 hours late, or any number of minipills are missed, backup birth control is needed for 2 days.
- The neutrino was first experimentally detected in 1956.
- Wolfgang Pauli proposed the existence of the neutrino in 1930 to resolve an apparent energy loss problem in a radioactivity experiment.
- In a second study, firefighters were able to manage heat stress at temperatures reaching 45°C by reducing work output while their core temperatures stayed at 38.5°C.
- The clap skate was introduced in speed skating in 1998.
- Cushing syndrome can cause easy bruising because excess cortisol thins the skin.
- Diabetes does not itself cause bruising but can slow wound healing, making bruises linger longer than usual.
- Intense exercise can cause random bruising by straining a muscle enough to injure deep muscle tissue and rupture blood vessels, allowing blood to pool beneath the skin.
- Two laboratories may use different reference ranges for what is considered normal and abnormal, making results from different labs difficult to compare.
- Previous researchers generally assumed that pigs found at Neolithic feasting sites had been raised locally, while cattle were considered more useful indicators of long-distance human movement.
- Strontium, oxygen, sulfur, and carbon isotope analysis was performed on 131 pig remains from four late Neolithic ceremonial sites: Durrington Walls, Marden, Mount Pleasant, and West Kennet Palisade Enclosures.
- Joshua Greene and Joseph Paxton used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to study 35 people who predicted computerized coin flips for money, where participants could earn more by falsely claiming correct predictions.
- The match between the Moderna patent sequence and the SARS-CoV-2 genome sequence was found using BLAST, a public database for comparing genetic sequences.
- The enteric nervous system consists of nerves embedded in the digestive organs and controls food breakdown, nutrient absorption, and waste elimination.
- Humans produce about 2 liters of saliva per day.
- Soluble fiber, found in foods like oat bran, beans, peas, and citrus fruits, can cause more gas and bloating than insoluble fiber because intestinal flora digest it.
- Sit-ups and abdominal crunches cannot reduce the size of the stomach organ, though they can burn external fat and tighten abdominal muscles.
- Mayo Clinic researchers conducted the world's first prospective, blinded, placebo-controlled clinical study testing bone marrow stem cells to reduce arthritic pain and disability in the knees.
- The Lagar Velho child's skeleton has a rounded braincase, small front teeth, a narrow torso, and forearm and hand features similar to those of modern humans.
- August's global air temperature averaged 62.53 degrees Fahrenheit, tying July 2023 as the hottest month ever recorded by the European Union's climate service.
- A 2023 PLOS ONE meta-analysis found aerobic exercise was effective for both preventing and treating postpartum depression compared with standard care, with stronger effects for prevention than for treatment.
- Migraine attacks showed a consistent low point with few occurrences late at night, but a broad peak extending from late morning to early evening.
- A meta-analysis found that symptoms followed a circadian pattern in 50% of migraine patients.
- People taking hypothyroidism medication are advised to wait at least one hour after taking the medication before eating or drinking soy products such as miso soup, because soy can reduce thyroid-medicine absorption.
- Koji used to make miso can be produced using Aspergillus oryzae, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and lactic acid bacteria, whose enzymes convert proteins and starches into peptides, amino acids, and sugars.
- The INTERPHONE study examined more than 5,000 people with brain tumors and a similar group without tumors across 13 countries, finding no overall link between brain-tumor risk and cell-phone use, call frequency, or longer call times.
- The 2024 COSMOS Study, involving more than 250,000 mobile-phone users—many with 15 or more years of regular use—found no higher risk of brain tumors compared with light users.
- Mayo Clinic researchers found gastric acid suppression was associated with a statistically significant increased risk of recurrent C. difficile infection in patients with a prior C. difficile infection.
- Recurrent Clostridium difficile infection occurred in 22.1% of patients using gastric acid suppression medications, compared with 17.3% of patients not using such medications.
- The Monte Verde research team dated wooden tools and charcoal from hearths using radiocarbon methods instead of the chemically contaminated cordage.
- Researchers analyzed DNA from 49 people who lived over a span of 10,000 years in Belize, Brazil, the Central Andes, and southern South America.
- Fossilized foot bones show that Paranthropus boisei walked upright on two legs, with lead author Carrie S. Mongle describing the foot as 'unquestionably adapted to walking upright on two legs.'
- A partial Paranthropus boisei skeleton was discovered and excavated in Kenya between 2019 and 2021, in sediment deposits dating to around 1.5 million years ago.
- The 'information bottleneck' theory has been suggested as a possible explanation for how human brains learn.